ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¯ãã¹ãŠãå€ããã§ãããïŒé茞æ¥çãéèã·ã¹ãã ãæ¿åº...å®éãç§ãã¡ã®ç掻ã®äžã§è§Šããªãé åããªã¹ãããæ¹ãããããç°¡åã§ãããã®å Žåã圌ãžã®ç±æã¯ãã°ãã°ç¥èãšçè§£ã®æ¬ åŠã«åºã¥ããŠããŸãããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¯åé¡ã®è§£æ±ºçã§ãã
Sjoerd Knibbelerã¯ãç¹ã«éä¿¡å¡ã®ããã«ãã®ç»åãäœæããŸããããã®èšäºã®æ®ãã®ç»åã¯ããçŸåšã®ç ç©¶ãã·ãªãŒãºïŒ2013-2016ïŒããã®ãã®ã§ãããèšäºã®æåŸã§è©³ããç¥ãããšãã§ããŸãã
æ³åããŠã¿ãŠãã ããã巚倧ãªããŒã«ã«ããããã°ã©ããŒã®çŸ€ãã圌ãã¯æãããã¿åŒã®æ€ åã«åº§ã£ãŠããããã®åã«ã¯æãããã¿åŒã®ããŒãã«ã®äžã®ã©ãããããããããŸããé玫è²ã®å ã«ç §ããããã¹ããŒãžã«ç·ãçŸããã
ã700ã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ïŒåœŒã¯ãªã¹ããŒã«å«ã³ãŸããéšå±ã«ãã人ãæããïŒ-æ©æ¢°åŠç¿...-ãããŠå€§å£°ã§ïŒ-ãšãã«ã®ãã·ã¥ãªã¿ãŒã³ïŒå¥åº·ç®¡çïŒå ¬å ±ã®å®å šãšæ³å·è¡ïŒå¹Žéå¶åºŠã®æªæ¥ïŒã
ããã§ãšãããããŸããç§ãã¡ã¯ãªã©ã³ãã®ã°ããã³ã²ã³ã§éå¬ãããBlockchaingers Hackathon 2018ã«åå ããŠããŸãïŒãããããããšã«ããããªïŒã話è ãä¿¡ãããªããããã«æŽå²ããããŸãã以åãä»éãããããªããã®å£°ãèŽè¡ã«å°ããŸããïŒåœŒãã¯ä»ããã§ãä»ããã®éšå±ã§ã圌ãããæ°ååã®åœããå€ãã解決çãèŠã€ããã ãããšæ³åã§ããŸããïŒãããŠããããã®èšèã§ãç»é¢äžã®å°çã¯å ç·ã®ããŒã ã§ççºããŸãã
次ã«ããªã©ã³ãã®å å倧è£ã¬ã€ã¢ã³ãã»ãããã¹ãçŸããææ°ã®æè¡è ã®ãã¡ãã·ã§ã³ã§ããé»ãã¹ãŠã§ããã·ã£ããçãŠããŸãã圌ã¯ããã§ãã¹ãŒããŒã¢ã¯ã»ã©ã¬ãŒã¿ãã®åœ¹å²ãæãããŠããŸãïŒãããæå³ãããã®ã¯äœã§ãïŒã ã誰ãããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãã¬ããã³ã¹ã«é©åœãèµ·ããã ãããšæããŠããŸãããšKnopsã¯èšããŸãã
è¿å¹Žãç§ã¯ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ã€ããŠãã£ãšèããŠããŸããããããç§ãã¡å šå¡ã®ããã«ã圌ã¯ããããšããã«ããããã§ãã
ãããŠãç§ã ããçåã«æã£ãŠããã®ã¯æããã§ã¯ãããŸããã誰ãç§ã«ãããäœã§ãããã説æããã®ã§ããããïŒãããŠããã®ãé©åœç²Ÿç¥ããšã¯äœã§ããïŒããã¯ã©ã®ãããªåé¡ã解決ããŸããïŒ
å®ã¯ããããããã§ç§ã¯ãã®èšäºãæžãããšã«ããŸãããç§ã¯ããã«èšãããšãã§ããŸãïŒããã¯ã©ããžã®å¥åŠãªæ ã§ããç§ã¯ç§ã®äººçã®äžã§ãããã»ã©è±å¯ãªãžã£ãŒãŽã³ã«åºããããããšã¯ãããŸããããã調ã¹ãŠã¿ããšãããªã«æ©ãå¹ãé£ã°ãããã»ã©ã®ç匟ã¯èŠãããšããããŸããããããŠãç§ã¯åœŒãã®ã解決çãã®ããã«åé¡ãæ¢ããŠããå€ãã®äººã ãèŠãããšããããŸããã
ãªã©ã³ãã®å°æ¹ã®çºã®ãå€åã®ãšãŒãžã§ã³ãã
ãªã©ã³ãåæ±éšã«ãã8,000匱ã®çºããºã€ãããŒã³ã®äœæ°ã¯ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãäœã§ããããç¥ããŸããã§ããã
ãç§ãã¡ãç¥ã£ãŠããã®ã¯ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãé²è¡äžã§ãããäžççãªå€åãç§ãã¡ãåŸ ã£ãŠãããšããããšã ãã§ããããšãåžåœå±è ã®1äººãæ¯é±ã®ãã¥ãŒã¹ãšã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã¥ãŒã§è¿°ã¹ãŸããã ãç§ãã¡ã¯ãè °ãäžãããè¡åãããã®éžæè¢ããããŸãããã
Zuidhornã®äœæ°ã¯è¡åããããšã«æ±ºããŸãããäœæåŸäžåž¯ã®åäŸãã¡ãæ¯æŽããããã®å°æ¹èªæ²»äœã®ããã°ã©ã ãããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ç§»è¡ãããããšã決å®ãããŸããããããè¡ãããã«ãèªæ²»äœã¯ã€ã³ã¿ãŒã³ã·ããã®ããã«åŠçãšãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³æå¥œå®¶ã®ããŒã«ãã³ãã«ãã¥ã€ãžã¹ãåŒãä»ããŸããã
åœŒã®æåã®ä»äºã¯ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãšã¯äœãã説æããããšã§ãããç§ã圌ã«åæ§ã®è³ªåããããšãã圌ã¯ããããæ¢ããããªãäžçš®ã®ã·ã¹ãã ãã§ãããšèšããŸããããå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠããèªç¶ã®åãããŸãã¯ãããã忣åã³ã³ã»ã³ãµã¹ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãã ãããããŸããã説æããã®ã¯é£ããã§ãããšåœŒã¯ã€ãã«èªããŸããã ãç§ã¯åœå±ã«ããèšããŸããããç§ã¯ãããããªãã®ããã«ç³è«ããããã®ã§ããããããã°ãã¹ãŠãæããã«ãªãã§ããããã
åŠãèšãã»ã©ãªãã
æ¯æŽããã°ã©ã ã§ã¯ãäœæåŸã®å®¶æãèªè»¢è»ãåããããåžãç ç²ã«ããŠåå Žãæ ç»é€šã«è¡ã£ããããããšãã§ããŸããéå»ã«ã¯ã圌ãã¯ããããã®æžé¡ãšé åæžãéããªããã°ãªããŸããã§ãããããããVelthuijsã®ã¢ããªã¯ãã¹ãŠãå€ããŸãããã³ãŒããã¹ãã£ã³ããã ãã§ååã§ããèªè»¢è»ãæã«å ¥ããäºæ¥äž»ã¯ãéãæã«å ¥ããŸãã
çªç¶ããã®å°ããªçºã¯ãäžççãªãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³é©åœã®äžå¿ãã®1ã€ã«ãªããŸãããã¡ãã£ã¢ã®æ³šç®ãšç§°è³ãç¶ããŸãããåžã¯CityInnovation Awardãåè³ããBest ITProjectãšBestCivilServiceã«ããããŒããããŸããã
å°æ¹è¡æ¿ã¯ãŸããŸãç±æã瀺ãããVelthuijsãšåœŒã®ãåŒåãã®ããŒã ã¯æ°ããçŸå®ã圢äœã£ãŠããŸããããããããã®èšèã¯è¡ãé äºããè奮ãšã¯ããŸãåããŸããã§ãããäžéšã®å± äœè ã¯ã圌ããçŽæ¥ãå€åã®ãšãŒãžã§ã³ãããšåŒãã§ããŸããïŒããã¯ãçµç¹ã®å€é©ãæ¯æŽãã人ã ã«ã€ããŠã®è±èªã§ã®å®å®ãã衚çŸã§ã-çŽTranslãïŒã
圌ã¯ã©ã®ããã«åããŠããŸããïŒ
ããŠããšãŒãžã§ã³ããé©åœããã¹ãŠãå€ãããŸã...ãããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãšã¯äœã§ããïŒ
åºæ¬çã«ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¯ããç¥ãããŠããã¹ãã¬ããã·ãŒãã§ãïŒåäžã®ã¹ãã¬ããã·ãŒããæã€Excelãæ³åããŠãã ããïŒãèšãæããã°ãããã¯ããŒã¿ãä¿åããæ°ããæ¹æ³ã§ããåŸæ¥ã®ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã«ã¯éåžžã1人ã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã責任ãè² ããŸãã誰ãããŒã¿ã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã§ãã誰ãããŒã¿ãå ¥åãç·šéãåé€ã§ããããæ±ºå®ããã®ã¯åœŒã§ãããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã§ã¯ããã¹ãŠãç°ãªããŸãã誰ã責任ãè² ãããããŒã¿ã倿ŽãŸãã¯åé€ããããšã¯ã§ããŸãããå ¥åããŠè¡šç€ºããããšããã§ããŸããã
ãããã³ã€ã³ã¯æåã®ãæãæåãªããããŠããããå¯äžã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®äœ¿çšæ³ã§ãããã®ããžã¿ã«é貚ã䜿çšãããšãéè¡ã®åå ãªãã«ãã€ã³ãAãããã€ã³ãBã«ééã§ããŸãã
圌ã¯ã©ã®ããã«åããŠããŸããïŒãžã§ã·ãŒãããžã§ãŒã ãºã«ããããã®éé¡ãééããå¿ èŠããããšæ³åããŠã¿ãŠãã ãããéè¡ã¯ãããåŸæã§ããããšãã°ãç§ã¯éè¡ã«ãžã§ãŒã ãºã«ééããããã«é Œã¿ãŸããéè¡ã¯å¿ èŠãªãã§ãã¯ãéå§ããŸãïŒã¢ã«ãŠã³ãã«ååãªãéããããŸããïŒæå®ãããçªå·ã®ã¢ã«ãŠã³ãã¯ãããŸããïŒãããŠåœŒèªèº«ã®ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã«ããžã§ã·ãŒãããžã§ãŒã ãºã«ãéãç§»ããã®ãããªãã®ãæžããŠããŸãã
ãããã³ã€ã³ã®å Žåãç©äºã¯ããå°ãè€éã§ããããªãã¯ããçš®ã®å·šå€§ãªãã£ããã§å ¬ã«å®£èšããŸãïŒããžã§ã·ãŒãããžã§ãŒã ãºã«1ãããã³ã€ã³ã転éããŠãã ããïŒã次ã«ããã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãå°ããªãããã¯ã«åéãããŠãŒã¶ãŒïŒãã€ããŒïŒãããŸãã
ãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãå«ããããã®ãããã¯ããããªãã¯ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³å åž³ã«è¿œå ããã«ã¯ããã€ããŒã¯é£ããåé¡ã解決ããå¿ èŠããããŸãïŒéåžžã«åºç¯ãªæ°ã®ãªã¹ãããéåžžã«å€§ããªæ°ãæšæž¬ããå¿ èŠããããŸãïŒããã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ã¯éåžžãå®äºãããŸã§ã«çŽ10åããããŸããçããæ¢ãæéãçå®ã«æžå°ããŠããå ŽåïŒããšãã°ãé±å€«ããã匷åãªããŒããŠã§ã¢ã«åãæ¿ããŠããå ŽåïŒãã¿ã¹ã¯ã®è€éãã¯èªåçã«å¢å ããŸãã
çããèŠã€ãããšãé±å€«ã¯ææ°ããŒãžã§ã³ã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã远å ããŸããããã¯ã圌ãšäžç·ã«ããŒã«ã«ã«ä¿åãããŠãããã®ã§ãããããŠãã¡ãã»ãŒãžã¯ãã£ããã«éãããŸãïŒãç§ã¯åé¡ã解決ããŸãããèŠãŠãã ããïŒãã誰ã§ã解決çãæ£ããããšã確èªã§ããŸãããã®åŸãå šå¡ãããŒã«ã«ããŒãžã§ã³ã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãæŽæ°ããŸããåºæ¥äžããïŒãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãå®äºããŸãããé±å€«ã¯åœŒã®ä»äºã®å ±é ¬ãšããŠãããã³ã€ã³ãåãåããŸãã
ãã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ã¯äœã§ããïŒ
ãªããã®ã¿ã¹ã¯ãå¿ èŠãªã®ã§ããïŒå®éã誰ããåžžã«æ£çŽã§ããã°ã圌女ã¯å¿ èŠãããŸããããããã誰ãããããã³ã€ã³ã2å䜿ãããšã«ããç¶æ³ãæ³åããŠã¿ãŠãã ãããããšãã°ãç§ã¯ãžã§ãŒã ãºãšãžã§ã³ã«åæã«ããããããªãã®ããã®ãããã³ã€ã³ã§ãããšèšããŸãããããŠã誰ãããããå¯èœã§ããããšã確èªããå¿ èŠããããŸãããã®æå³ã§ãé±å€«ã¯éè¡ãé垞責任ãè² ãä»äºãããŸãïŒåœŒãã¯ã©ã®ååŒãèš±å¯ãããããæ±ºå®ããŸãã
ãã¡ãããé±å€«ã¯ç§ãšè¡çªããããšã«ãã£ãŠã·ã¹ãã ãã ãŸãããšããããšãã§ããŸããããããåããããã³ã€ã³ã2å䜿çšããããšãããšããã«å ¬éãããä»ã®é±å€«ã¯ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®æŽæ°ãæåŠããŸãããããã£ãŠãæªæã®ããé±å€«ã¯åé¡ã®è§£æ±ºã«ãªãœãŒã¹ãè²»ãããŸãããå ±é ¬ãåãåãããšã¯ãããŸãããåé¡ã®è€éãã®ããã«ãããã解決ããããã®ã³ã¹ãã¯ããã«å¯ŸããŠååã«é«ãã®ã§ãé±å€«ãèŠåã«åŸãããšã¯ã¯ããã«æçã§ãã
æ®å¿µãªããããã®ã¡ã«ããºã ã¯éåžžã«å¹æããããŸããããŸããããŒã¿ç®¡çããµãŒãããŒãã£ïŒéè¡ãªã©ïŒã«å§èšã§ããã°ãã¯ããã«ç°¡åã«ãªããŸããããããããã¯ãŸãã«ããããã³ã€ã³ã®æªåé«ãçºæè ã§ããäžæ¬è¡ãé¿ãããã£ãããšã§ãã圌ã¯éè¡ãæ®éçãªæªã ãšèããŸãããçµå±ã®ãšããã圌ãã¯ãã€ã§ãããªãã®ã¢ã«ãŠã³ããããéãåçµãŸãã¯åŒãåºãããšãã§ããŸããããã圌ããããã³ã€ã³ãæãã€ããçç±ã§ãã
ãããŠãããã³ã€ã³ã¯æ©èœããŸãã Kriptovalyutnayaãšã³ã·ã¹ãã ã¯æé·ããçºå±ããŠããŸããæè¿ã®æšå®ã«ãããšãããžã¿ã«éè²šã®æ°ã¯1855幎ãéããŠããŸãïŒ2020幎2æã®ããŒã¿ã«ãããšã5000以äžãããŸã-ãããPerevi ..ïŒã
ãããåæã«ããããã³ã€ã³ãæŽèµ°ããæåãšã¯èšããŸãããããžã¿ã«é貚ãåãå ¥ããåºèã¯ãããããã§ãããããã«ã¯æ£åœãªçç±ããããŸãããŸããæ¯æãèªäœãéåžžã«é ãã§ãïŒæ¯æãã«9åãããããšããããŸããããã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã9æ¥éç¶ãããšããããŸããïŒïŒãæ¯æãã¡ã«ããºã ã¯éåžžã«é«äŸ¡ã§ãïŒèªåã§è©ŠããŠãã ãã-ã¯ãã¿ã§ç¡¬ãããªã¹ã¿ãŒãéãæ¹ãã¯ããã«ç°¡åã§ãïŒããããŠæåŸã«ããããã³ã€ã³èªäœã®äŸ¡æ Œã¯éåžžã«å€åããŸãïŒ17,000ãŠãŒãã«äžæãã3,000ãŠãŒãã«äžèœãããã®åŸ10,000ãŠãŒãã«è·³ãäžãããŸãã...ïŒã
ããããææªã®å Žåãäžæ¬ã倢èŠãŠãã忣åã®ãŠãŒããã¢ãã€ãŸãäžèŠãªãä¿¡é Œã§ããã仲ä»è ã®æé€ã«ã¯ãŸã ã»ã©é ããç®èãªããšã«ãæ°ãããããã³ã€ã³ã®åå以äžãçæãã責任ããããã€ãã³ã°ããŒã«ã¯3ã€ãããããŸããïŒãã€ãã³ã°ããŒã«ã¯ãã¢ã©ã¹ã«ã®ã©ããããŸãã¯å極åãã¯ããã«è¶ ããå Žæã«ãããã€ãã³ã°ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã®å€§èŠæš¡ãªéäžã§ãïŒ*ïŒãããã£ãŠã ããã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ããã§ãã¯ããããïŒãïŒçŸæç¹ã§ã¯ããã®ãã¡ã®4ã€ããããŸã-çŽTranslãïŒ
*äžæ¬ã¯ã誰ããä»ã®äººãšå¹³çã«åé¡ã«åãçµãããšãã§ãããšä¿¡ããŠããŸããããã ããäžéšã®äŒæ¥ã¯ãç¹æ®ãªæ©åšãã¹ããŒã¹ãžã®æä»çã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãå©çšããŠããŸãããã®ãããªäžå ¬æ£ãªç«¶äºãéããŠã圌ãã¯çæ ç³»ã®äž»å°ç圹å²ãæ ãããšãã§ããŸãããçŽç²ã«åæ£åããããããžã§ã¯ãã§ããããšãæå³ãããŠãããã®ããåã³éäžåãããŸãããããŸããŸãªæå·é貚ã®åæ£åã®çŸåšã®ã¬ãã«ã¯ãããã§ç¢ºèªã§ããŸãã
ãããŸã§ã®éããããã³ã€ã³ã¯éèææ©ã«ã¯ããã«é©ããŠããŸãããã®ååšã®å€æãã«20ãã«ãŸãã¯ãŠãŒãã§æå·é貚ãè³Œå ¥ãã幞éãªäººã¯ä»ãäžçäžãæ°åæ è¡ããã®ã«ååãªãéãæã£ãŠããŸãã
ããã¯ç§ãã¡ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«å°ããŸããçªç¶ã®å¯ãããããäžå¯è§£ãªæè¡ã¯ãèªå€§åºåã®èšŒæãããå ¬åŒã§ããã¢ããã€ã¶ãŒããããŒãžã£ãŒãã³ã³ãµã«ã¿ã³ãã¯ãäžè¬ã®äººã ãæ°èã®å€§å¯è±ªã«å€ããäžæè°ãªé貚ã«ã€ããŠåŠã³ãŸãã ãããŒã...ããã«æãå·®ã䌞ã¹ãã¹ãã ããšåœŒãã¯èããããããããããã³ã€ã³ã§ã¯ãããã¯æ©èœããªããªããŸããäžæ¹ãblokcheyn-ãããã³ã€ã³ã®åºç€ã®èåŸã«ããæè¡ã§ãããããã¯ãããã¯ãŒã«ã«ããŸãã
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¯ãããã³ã€ã³ã®ã¢ã€ãã¢ãèŠçŽããŠããŸããéè¡ã ãã§ãªããåå°ç»é²ç°¿ãæç¥šæ©ãä¿éºäŒç€Ÿããã§ã€ã¹ããã¯ããŠãŒããŒãã¢ããŸã³ãèºè²¡å£ããã«ãæ¥çãæ¿åºãäŒæ¥å šè¬ãæé€ããŸãããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®ãããã§ããããã¯ãã¹ãŠåé·ã«ãªããŸãããŠãŒã¶ãŒãžã®ãã¯ãŒïŒ
[2018幎] WIREDã³ã³ãã€ã« 187 , .
600
äžæ¹ãBloombergã¯ãäžçã®æ¥çèŠæš¡ãçŽ7åç±³ãã«ãã€ãŸã6åãŠãŒããšèŠç©ãã£ãŠããŸãïŒããã¯2018幎ã§ãããStatistaã«ãããšãåžå Žã¯12åç±³ãã«ã§ã2020幎ã«ã¯30åç±³ãã«ã«éããŸãããçŽTranslãïŒã IBMãMicrosoftãAccentureãªã©ã®å€§äŒæ¥ã«ã¯ããã®ãã¯ãããžãŒå°çšã®éšéããããŸãããªã©ã³ãã«ã¯ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®é©æ°ã«å¯Ÿããããããçš®é¡ã®å©æéããããŸãã
å¯äžã®åé¡ã¯ãçŽæãšçŸå®ã®éã«å€§ããªéããããããšããããšã§ãããããŸã§ã®ãšããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¯PowerPointã¹ã©ã€ãã§æãããèŠããããã§ãããã«ãŒã ããŒã°ã®èª¿æ»ã«ãããšãã»ãšãã©ã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãããžã§ã¯ãã¯ãã¬ã¹ãªãªãŒã¹ãè¶ ããŠããŸããããã³ãžã¥ã©ã¹æ¿åºã¯åå°ç»é²ç°¿ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ç§»ãããšããŠããŸããããã®èšç»ã¯ããã¯ããŒããŒãè£ çããŸãã NasdaqååŒæã¯ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ããŒã¹ã®ãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ãæ§ç¯ããããšããŠããŸããããŸã äœããããŸããããªã©ã³ãäžå€®éè¡ã¯ã©ãã§ããïŒãããŠåã³ã«ãã£ãŠïŒã³ã³ãµã«ãã£ã³ã°äŒç€Ÿã®Deloitteã«ãããšãéå§ããã86,000以äžã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãããžã§ã¯ãã®ãã¡ã92ïŒ ã2017幎æ«ãŸã§ã«æŸæ£ãããŸããã
å€ãã®ãããžã§ã¯ãã倱æããã®ã¯ãªãã§ããïŒæããéãããã€ãŸãå ã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³éçºè ã§ããMark van Cuijkã¯ã次ã®ããã«è¿°ã¹ãŠããŸããããŸã广çã§ã¯ãããŸãããã
ç§ã¯ããã€ãã®åé¡ããªã¹ãããŸãããŸã第äžã«ããã®æè¡ã¯ãå人ããŒã¿ã®ä¿è·ãç¹ã«ããžã¿ã«å¿åŽã®æš©å©ã«é¢ããEUã®æ³åŸã«åããŠããŸããæ å ±ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«å ¥ããšãåé€ããããšã¯ã§ããŸãããããšãã°ãBitcoinãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ã¯åãã«ããžã®ãªã³ã¯ããããŸãããããŠãããããåé€ããããšã¯ã§ããŸãã*ã
*ãã€ããŒã¯ãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠããããã³ã€ã³ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ä»»æã®ããã¹ãã远å ã§ããŸããæ²ããããªãããã¯åäŸã®ãã«ããexeã®è£žã®åçãžã®ãªã³ã¯ã§ããå¯èœæ§ããããŸããç¶ããèªãïŒMatzutt et alïŒ2018ïŒã«ããããããã³ã€ã³ã«å¯Ÿããä»»æã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã³ã³ãã³ãã®åœ±é¿ã®å®éçåæãã
ããã«ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¯å¿åã§ã¯ãªãããåœåãã§ããåãŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ç¹å®ã®çªå·ã«é¢é£ä»ããããŠããããŠãŒã¶ãŒã®ååããã®çªå·ãšäžèŽãããããšãã§ãã人ã¯èª°ã§ããåœŒã®æäœã®å±¥æŽå šäœã远跡ã§ããŸããçµå±ã®ãšããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³å ã®åãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®ã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã¯èª°ã«ã§ãéãããŠããŸãã
ããšãã°ããã©ãªãŒã¯ãªã³ãã³ã®çæã®é»åã¡ãŒã«ããã«ãŒã¯ã圌ãã®èº«å ããããã³ã€ã³ååŒãšç §åããããšã«ãã£ãŠæãããããŸãããã«ã¿ãŒã«å€§åŠã®ç ç©¶è ã¯ããœãŒã·ã£ã«ãããã¯ãŒãã³ã°ãµã€ãã䜿çšããŠãæ°äžäººã®ãããã³ã€ã³ãŠãŒã¶ãŒãããªãæ£ç¢ºã«ç¹å®ããããšãã§ããŸãããä»ã®ç ç©¶è ã¯ãeã³ããŒã¹ãµã€ãã®ãã©ãã«ãŒã䜿çšããŠãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®å¿ååãç°¡åã«è§£é€ããæ¹æ³ã瀺ããŠããŸãã
誰ã責任ãè² ããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³äžã®ãã¹ãŠã®æ å ±ã倿ŽãããŠããªããšããäºå®ã¯ããšã©ãŒãæ°žä¹ ã«ããã«æ®ãããšãæå³ããŸããéè¡ã¯ééããã£ã³ã»ã«ããããšãã§ããŸãããããã³ã€ã³ããã®ä»ã®æå·é貚ã®å Žåãããã¯äžå¯èœã§ãããããã£ãŠãçãŸãããã®ã¯ãã¹ãŠçãŸãããŸãŸã«ãªããŸããèšå€§ãªæ°ã®ããã«ãŒãçµ¶ããæå·é貚ååŒæãšãŠãŒã¶ãŒãæ»æããŠãããè©æ¬ºåž«ã¯ãæè³ããŒã«ããç«ã¡äžããŠããŸããããã¯å®éã«ã¯éèãã©ãããã§ããããšã倿ããŠããŸããããã€ãã®èŠç©ããã«ãããšããã¹ãŠã®ãããã³ã€ã³ã®ã»ãŒ15ïŒ ãããæç¹ã§çãŸããŠããŸãããããã圌ã¯ãŸã 10æ³ã«ãªã£ãŠããªãïŒ
BitcoinãšEthereumã¯ããªãŒã¹ããªã¢ã®ä»ã®å°åãšåãéã®ãšãã«ã®ãŒã䜿çšããŸã
ããã«ããšã³ããžãŒã®åé¡ãçºçããŸãã ãç°å¢åé¡ïŒããžã¿ã«ã³ã€ã³ã®è©±ãããªãã®ïŒã -ããªãã¯é©ãããããšã§ããããããã¯åœŒãã«ã€ããŠã§ãããããã¯ç¶æ³ãéåžžã«å¥åŠã«ããŸãããããã®è€éãªæ°åŠã®åé¡ã¯ãã¹ãŠã倧éã®é»åãå¿ èŠãšããŸããéåžžã«å€§ãããããäžçã§æå€§ã®2ã€ã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã§ããBitcoinãšEthereumã¯ãçŸåšããªãŒã¹ããªã¢ã®ä»ã®å°åãšåãéã®é»åãæ¶è²»ããŠããŸãããã¶ã®æ¯æãã«ã¯çŽ0.002kWhãå¿ èŠã§ãããããã³ã€ã³ã§ã®åãæ¯æãã¯ãæå€§906kWhã®é»åãæ¶è²»ããŸããããã¯50äžå以äžã§ãããã®éã®é»åã¯ãçŽ3ãæã§2人家æã«ãã£ãŠæ¶è²»ãããŸãã
ãããŠãæéãçµã€ã«ã€ããŠãçæ åŠã®åé¡ã¯ããæ·±å»ã«ãªãã§ããããé±å€«ã¯ãã¹ãŠã®æ°ããèœåã䜿çšãïŒã€ãŸããã¢ã©ã¹ã«ã®ã©ããã«è¿œå ã®æ¡æèŸ²å Žã建èšããŸãïŒãè€éããèªåçã«å¢å ãããŸããŸãå€ãã®èšç®èœåãå¿ èŠã«ãªããŸãããã®çµããã®ãªããæå³ã®ãªãæŠåšç«¶äºã¯ãåãæ°ã®ãã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«ãŸããŸãå€ãã®é»åãå¿ èŠã«ãªããšããäºå®ã«ã€ãªãããŸãã
ãããŠäœã®ããã«ïŒå®éããããéèŠãªè³ªåã§ãããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¯ã©ã®ãããªåé¡ã解決ããŸããïŒããŠããããã³ã€ã³ã®ãããã§ãéè¡ã¯ããªãã®å£åº§ããèªç±ã«ãéãåŒãåºãããšã¯ã§ããŸãããããããããã¯ã©ã®ãããã®é »åºŠã§èµ·ãããŸããïŒéè¡ã誰ãã®å£åº§ãããéãåãåã£ãŠãããšãã話ã¯èããããšããããŸãããéè¡ããã®ãããªããšãããå Žåãããã¯ããã«èšŽããããåãæ¶ãããŸããããã¯æè¡çã«å¯èœã§ããæ³çã«ããã¯æ»å倿±ºã§ãã
ãã¡ãããè©æ¬ºåž«ã¯èŠæããŠããŸãã人ã ã¯åãã€ããŠéšããŸããããããäž»ãªåé¡ã¯ã管çè ïŒãéè¡ããéããªãããïŒã§ã¯ãªããããŒã¿æäŸè ïŒã誰ããå¯ãã«éЬã®èãçèãšããŠç»é²ãããïŒã«ãããŸãã
誰ããåå°ç»é²ç°¿ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ç§»ãããšãææ¡ããã圌ãã®æèŠã§ã¯ãããã¯è æããæ¿åºãæã€åœã®ãã¹ãŠã®åé¡ã解決ããã§ããããããšãã°ã5è»ã«1è»ã®å®¶ãç»é²ãããŠããªãã®ãªã·ã£ãäŸã«ãšã£ãŠã¿ãŸãããããªããããã®å®¶ã¯ç»é²ãããŠããªãã®ã§ããïŒã®ãªã·ã£äººã¯èš±å¯ãæ±ããã«å»ºãŠãã ãã§ãçµæã¯æªç»é²ã®å®¶ã«ãªãããã§ãã
ãããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¯ããã«ã€ããŠäœãã§ããŸããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã¯åãªãããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã§ããããã¹ãŠã®ããŒã¿ãæ£ãããã©ããããã§ãã¯ããèªäž»èŠå¶ã·ã¹ãã ã§ã¯ãããŸããïŒãã¹ãŠã®éæ³ãªå»ºèšãããžã§ã¯ãã®é床ãäœäžãããããšã¯èšããŸã§ããããŸããïŒããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®å Žåãä»ã®ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãšåãã«ãŒã«ãé©çšãããŸããã¬ããŒãžã€ã³=ã¬ããŒãžã¢ãŠãã
ãŸãã¯ããã«ãŒã ããŒã°ã®ã³ã©ã ãã¹ãããããã»ã¬ãŽã£ã³ãæžããŠããããã«ãã10,000ãã³ãã®ã¢ã«ãããŠã ãåšåº«ããŠããç§ã®äžå€ã§æå·åãããå®å šãªãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãšã³ããªã¯ãè£å£ãããã¹ãŠã®ã¢ã«ãããŠã ãå¯èŒžããå Žåãéè¡ã«ã¯ããŸã圹ç«ã¡ãŸãããã ..ã
ããŒã¿ã¯çŸå®ãåæ ããŠããå¿ èŠããããŸãããçŸå®ãå€åããããŒã¿ãåããŸãŸã«ãªãå ŽåããããŸãããã®ãããå ¬èšŒäººãç£ç£è ãåŒè·å£«ãããŸããå®éããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ããªããŠãã§ãããšæãããéå±ãªäººã ã¯ãã¹ãŠããŸãã
å éšã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãããããªã³ã
ã§ã¯ããã®é©æ°çãªéœåžãºã€ãããŒã³ã¯ã©ãã§ããããïŒãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³å®éšã¯ããã§æ£åžžã«çµäºããŸããã§ãããïŒ
ãŸããå®å šã§ã¯ãããŸãããGitHubã§äœæåŸã®åäŸãã¡ãæ¯æŽããããã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®ã³ãŒãã調ã¹ãŸãããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãªã©ã¯ã»ãšãã©ãããŸããã§ããããããã«ãããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã«æ¥ç¶ãããŠããªããµãŒããŒäžã§å®è¡ããããå éšèª¿æ»çšã®åäžã®ãã€ããŒãå®è£ ããŸããããã ããæçµçãªã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯éåžžã«åçŽãªããã°ã©ã ã§ãããéåžžã®ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã§åçŽãªã³ãŒããå®è¡ãããŠããŸããã
Maarten Velthuijsã«é»è©±ããŸããïŒ
-ãããããªãã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã¯ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ããŸã£ããå¿ èŠãšããªãããšã«æ°ã¥ããŸããã
- ã¯ããããã§ãã
-ããããã¢ããªãå®éã«ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã䜿çšããŠããªããŠããããããã¹ãŠã®è³ãåè³ããã®ã¯å¥åŠã§ã¯ãããŸãããïŒ
â , .
â ?
â . , . ...
?
ZuidhornãäŸå€ã§ã¯ãããŸãããããèŠããšããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ããŸã çŽã®äžã«ãããããããçš®é¡ã®å®éšçãªãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãããžã§ã¯ãã®æãèŠã€ããããšãã§ããŸãã
ããšãã°ãåè³æŽã®ããå¥ã®å®éšãããžã§ã¯ãã§ããMy Care LogïŒå ã®ãMijnZorg LogãïŒãåãäžããŸãïŒãã ããä»åã¯æ¯æ§ã®åéã§ïŒãçãŸããã°ããã®èµ€ã¡ãããæã€ãã¹ãŠã®ãªã©ã³ã人ã¯ãããçšåºŠã®ç£åŸã±ã¢ãåããæš©å©ããããŸãã Zuidhornã®åäŸã®ç¹å žãšåæ§ã«ããã®ããã°ã©ã ã¯å®åçãªæªå€¢ã§ãããããã§ãã¹ããŒããã©ã³ã«ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãé 眮ã§ããŸããããã«ãããåãåã£ããµãŒãã¹ã®éãšæ®ãã®ãµãŒãã¹ã®æ°ã«é¢ããçµ±èšãåéãããŸãã
æçµã¬ããŒãã¯ããã€ã±ã¢ãã°ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãäžæã«ããæ©èœã䜿çšããŠããªãããšã瀺ããŠããŸããç¹å®ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã®äººã ãé±å€«ã«ãã£ãŠäºåã«éžæãããŸããããã®ãããç»é²ãããŠãããµãŒãã¹ããŒã¿ãæåŠã§ããŸã*ãã¬ããŒãã¯ããããç°å¢ã«ãšã£ãŠããããŠãŠã§ãäžã®å人ããŒã¿ãä¿è·ããããã®èŠåã®éµå®ã«ãšã£ãŠããè¯ããšè¿°ã¹ãŠããŸãããããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®å šäœçãªãã€ã³ãã¯ãä¿¡é Œã§ãããµãŒãããŒãã£ãªãã§è¡ãããšã§ã¯ãããŸãããïŒã§ã¯ãå®éã«äœãèµ·ãã£ãŠããã®ã§ããããã
*ããã¯ãIBMãªã©ã®ãã¹ãŠã®æ¬¡äžä»£ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãµãŒãã¹ãããã€ããŒã«ãåœãŠã¯ãŸããŸãããŸããç¹å®ã®äººãäŒæ¥ã«ç·šéããã³èªã¿åãã®æš©å©ãä»äžããŸãã
ç§ã®æèŠãèãããã®ãªãã圌ãã¯å®å šã«æ®éã®ãããã«ã¯æ®éã®ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãæ§ç¯ããŠããŸããããããéåžžã«éå¹ççã«è¡ã£ãŠããã ãã§ãããã¹ãŠã®å°éçšèªãé€å€ãããšãã¬ããŒãã¯ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã¢ãŒããã¯ãã£ã®éå±ãªèª¬æã«ãªããŸãã圌ãã¯ã忣åå°åž³ïŒããã¯å ¬éããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã§ãïŒãã¹ããŒãã³ã³ãã©ã¯ãïŒãããã¯ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã§ãïŒãããã³æš©éã®èšŒæïŒããã¯ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã«å ¥ãæ å ±ããã£ã«ã¿ãªã³ã°ããæš©å©ã§ãïŒã«ã€ããŠæžããŠããŸãã
ããŒã¯ã«ããªãŒïŒãã§ãã¯ããããŒã¿ããåæãããæ¹æ³ïŒã¯ãæçµè£œåã«ããå¯äžã®ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³èŠçŽ ã§ããã¯ããããã¯ã¯ãŒã«ãªãã¯ãããžãŒã§ããåé¡ã¯ãããŸãããå¯äžã®åé¡ã¯ãMerkleããªãŒãå°ãªããšã1979幎ããååšããé·å¹Žäœ¿çšãããŠããããšã§ãïŒããšãã°ãäžçäžã®ã»ãšãã©ãã¹ãŠã®ãœãããŠã§ã¢éçºè ã䜿çšããŠããGitããŒãžã§ã³å¶åŸ¡ã·ã¹ãã ã§ïŒãã€ãŸãããããã¯ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«åºæã®ãã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããã
éæ³ã®éèŠãããããã®éèŠã¯å€§ããã§ã
ç§ãåã«èšã£ãããã«ããã®å šäœã®è©±ã¯ã©ããžã®å¥åŠãªæ ã«ã€ããŠã§ãã
ãããæžãéçšã§ãç§ã¯éçºè ã®1人ãšè©±ãããããšã«ããŸããïŒã¯ããå®éã®ã©ã€ãéçºè ã¯å®éã«ç§ãã¡ã®ç·šéå®€ãæ©ãåã£ãŠããŸãïŒããããŠããã®ãã¡ã®1人ã§ããTim Strijdhorstã¯ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã«ã€ããŠããŸãç¥ããŸããã§ããããããã圌ã¯ç§ã«äœãé¢çœãããšãèšã£ãã
ãç§ã¯ã³ãŒããæ±ã£ãŠããŸãããä»ã®äººã¯ç§ããŠã£ã¶ãŒããšèŠãªããŠããŸãããšåœŒã¯èªãããã«å®£èšããŸãããããã¯ãã€ã圌ãé©ãããããŠã£ã¶ãŒãïŒååã®æéã圌ã¯å¿ æ»ã«ãªã£ãŠç»é¢ã«åãã£ãŠå«ã³ãå€ãPHPã¹ã¯ãªããã®ããããããèãåºãããšããŸããã
ãã£ã ã¯ãä»ã®äžçãšåæ§ã«ãæ å ±éä¿¡æè¡ã1ã€ã®å€§ããªæ··ä¹±ã§ããããšãæå³ããŸãã
ãããŠãããã¯ç§ãã¡-éšå€è ãäžè¬ã®äººã ãéæè¡ãªã¿ã¯-ãåãå ¥ããããšãæåŠãããã®ã§ããã¢ããã€ã¶ãŒãšã³ã³ãµã«ã¿ã³ãã¯ãçŸããPowerPointãã¬ãŒã³ããŒã·ã§ã³ããåŠãã ãã¯ãããžãŒã®ãããã§ãåé¡ïŒã°ããŒãã«ã§æ ¹æ¬çãªåé¡ïŒãæäžæ¬ã§æ¶ãããšä¿¡ããŠããŸããããã¯ã©ã®ããã«æ©èœããŸããïŒéãã¯äœã§ããïŒãããçè§£ããããšããããã å©çã享åããŠãã ããïŒ*
*ã³ã³ãµã«ã¿ã³ãäŒç€ŸDeloitteã«ããæè¿ã®èª¿æ»ã«ãããšãäŒç€Ÿã®åç· åœ¹ã®70ïŒ ã¯ããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®åéã§ãè±å¯ãªçµéšããæã£ãŠãããšè¿°ã¹ãŠããŸãã圌ãã«ãããšãé床ã¯ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®äž»ãªå©ç¹ã§ãããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®ç±ççãªãã¡ã³ã§ãããã®é床ãåé¡ã§ãããšèããŠããã®ã§ã圌ãã®ç²Ÿç¥çèœåã«ã€ããŠçåãçããŸãã
ããã¯éæ³ã®åžå Žã§ãããããŠããã®åžå Žã¯å€§ããã§ããããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãããã°ããŒã¿ãã¯ã©ãŠãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã人工ç¥èœããŸãã¯ãã®ä»ã®æµè¡èªã§ãããã©ããã
ãã ãããã®ãããªãéæ³ã®ãæèãå¿ èŠã«ãªãå ŽåããããŸããããšãã°ãååš©åŸã®ã±ã¢å®éšãèããŠã¿ãŸããããã¯ããããã¯ç¡é§ã«çµãã£ãããããã調æ»ã«åå ããä¿éºäŒç€ŸVGZã®Hugo de Kaatã¯ããç§ãã¡ã®å®éšãéããŠãç£åŸã±ã¢ãœãããŠã§ã¢ã®æå€§ã®ãããã€ããŒã§ããFacetã¯ãã®åªåãåå¡ããããšè¿°ã¹ãã圌ãã¯åæ§ã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãäœæããããšããŠããŸãããããã«ãšãã€ãã¹ã«ãã¯ãªããåŸæ¥ã®ãã¯ãããžãŒã ãã§ãã
Maarten Velthuijsã¯ã©ãã§ããïŒåœŒã¯ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãªãã§åœŒèªèº«ã®çŽ æŽãããåäŸãã«ãã¢ããªãäœãããšãã§ããŸããïŒãããã圌ã¯èªããŸãããããã圌ã¯ãã¯ãããžãŒã«ã€ããŠãŸã£ããç¬æçã§ã¯ãããŸããã ã人é¡ãé£ã¶ããšãåŠãã§ããéãç§ãã¡ã¯åžžã«æåããããã§ã¯ãããŸããã§ããããšVelthuijsã¯èšããŸãã -YouTubeãèŠãŠãã ãã-èªå®¶è£œã®ãã©ã·ã¥ãŒãã§ç·ããšããã§ã«å¡ããé£ã³éãããããªããããŸãïŒã¯ãã圌ã¯ç¢ºãã«å¢èœããŸããããããããã®ãããªäººã ãå¿ èŠã§ããã
ã€ãŸããMaartenãã¢ããªãæ©èœãããããã«ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãå¿ èŠãªå Žåã¯ããã°ãããããšã§ãããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®ã¢ã€ãã¢ãçãå°œããŠããªããã°ããããåé¡ãããŸãããå°ãªããšã圌ã¯ãäœãæ©èœããäœãæ©èœããªããã«ã€ããŠäœãæ°ããããšãåŠãã ã§ããããããã«ããã®è¡ã«ã¯ä»ãèªãã«æãè¯ãã¢ããªããããŸãã
ããããããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®äž»ãªã¡ãªããã§ããè²»çšã¯ããããŸãããæ å ±ãã£ã³ããŒã³ã§ããããã¯ãªãã£ã¹ã®ç®¡çã圹å¡äŒè°å®€ã®è°é¡ã«ãªãããšã¯ãã£ãã«ãããŸãããããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ãšã€ãããŒã·ã§ã³ãé »ç¹ã«èšªããŸãã
ãããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ããããèªå€§å®£äŒã®ãããã§ãããŒã«ãã³ã¯åäŸãã¡ãå©ããããã®ç¬èªã®ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãéçºããããšãã§ããåºçåŸã®ã±ã¢æäŸè ã¯äºãã«äº€æµãå§ããå€ãã®äŒæ¥ãå°æ¹èªæ²»äœã¯ããŒã¿ãæ±ãçµç¹ã®æ¬ é¥ãïŒç©ããã«èšãã°ïŒæããŸããã
ã¯ããããã¯éè®ã§æºããããŠããªãçŽæãèŠããŸããããããçµæã¯ããã«æ¥ãŸããïŒãªãŒããŒã¯ä»äžçãããå°ãå¹ççã«ããã®ãå©ããéå±ãªäž»é¡ã«èå³ãæã£ãŠããŸãïŒç¹å¥ãªããšã¯äœããããŸããããã å°ãè¯ããªããŸãã
Matt Levineã«ãããšããããã¯ãã§ãŒã³ã®äž»ãªå©ç¹ã¯ãäžçããããã¯ãªãã£ã¹ãã¯ãããžãŒã®æŽæ°ã«æ³šæãæãããããã®å€æŽãé©åœçã§ããå¯èœæ§ããããšä¿¡ããŠãããããšã§ãã
ç»åã«ã€ããŠãSjoerd Knibbelerã¯ãã¹ã¿ãžãªã§ããŸããŸãªé£è¡ç©ã詊ãã®ã倧奜ãã§ãããã®èšäºã®ãã¹ãŠã®åçïŒCurrent Studiesã·ãªãŒãºããïŒã¯ããã¡ã³ãããã¯ãŒãããã³ç空ã¯ãªãŒããŒã䜿çšããŠæ®åœ±ãããŸããããã®çµæãç®ã«èŠããªããã®ãã€ãŸã颚ãèŠããããã«ããåçãã§ãããããŸãã圌ã®ç¥ç§çãªãçµµãã¯ãçŸå®ãšéçŸå®ã®å¢çã«ãããç ã®å ¥ã£ãæ®éã®ãã©ã¹ããã¯è£œã®ããã°ãé£è¡æ©ãéæ³ã®ãããªãã®ã«å€ããŸãã
翻蚳è ããã®PS
ç§ãã¡ã®ããã°ãèªãã§ãã ããïŒ