誰ãç§ã®ããŒã¿ãåçåããŠããã®ãããããŠãããç§ããããŸã§äœ¿çšããããšã®ãªãäŒæ¥ïŒéè¡ãä¿éºäŒç€Ÿãå»çã»ã³ã¿ãŒãéçºè ããã®ä»ã®è¿·æãªåºååŒã³åºãã®ããçµç¹ïŒã®æã«æž¡ãæ¹æ³ã«ã€ããŠã®ã«ãããèªãã§ãã ããããããŠãã¯ããããã¯ããªãã奜ããªããã«ãé·ãéããã¹ãŠã§ãã
ç§ãã¡ã®çŸããåœã¯ã2020幎ã®æ¥ãšåå€ãèªå·±éé¢ã§éãããŸãããããžãã¹ãžã®è²¡æ¿çè² æ ã®æãããªå¢å ã人ã ãã©ãã§ããã¹ã¯ãççšããèªå® ã§ä»äºãããªããã°ãªããªãå¿ èŠæ§ã«å ããŠããã®æéã¯ãäžéšã®åžå Žåå è ããã·ã¢äººã®å人ããŒã¿ãã©ãã»ã©ç°¡åãã€åçŽã§ããããæ確ã«ç€ºããŸããã
ããã¯ã°ã©ãŠã³ã
èªå·±éé¢ææ°ãè©äŸ¡ããããã®YandexãµãŒãã¹ã«ã€ããŠã ã¡ãã£ã¢ïŒTheBellãRoemïŒã§Tigran Oganesovich Khudaveryanã«ã€ã³ã¿ãã¥ãŒããããšã«ããããã®èšäºãæžãããã«ä¿ãããŸããã
èŠç¹ãç°¡åã«æãåºãããŠãã ããããå šåœã®äŒæ¥æ¥ã®ããã«ãæ¿æš©ãçºè¡šãããã®ãšã»ãŒåæã«ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®å·šäººã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ã¯åžæ°ã«ããèªå·±éé¢æªçœ®ã®éµå®ã«ã€ããŠå®æçã«å ±åãå§ããŸãããåœå±ãšã¡ãã£ã¢ã¯ãã®ããŒã¿ãæ¯æ¥èª¿ã¹ãŸããããããŠä»ããã®ãããã¯ã¯åŸã ã«èæ¯ã«èãã€ã€ãããŸããããã®ãããªããŒã¿ã®äž»èŠãªæ å ±æºãžã®è³ªåã¯ã©ãã«ãè¡ããŸããã
Yandexã¯ä»¥åããŠãŒã¶ãŒã«å¯Ÿããæ°æ¥œãªæ 床ã«é¢äžããŠããã®ã§ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã«ããç£èŠã®æŽå²ãæãåºããŸãããã-èªå·±éé¢äžã®åžæ°ã®çŸåšã®å Žæã«é¢ããããŒã¿ã¯ããžãªãã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãåããã¢ãã€ã«ã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšããŠåéããããšæ³å®ããã®ã劥åœã§ãããããŠããèªäœãã¹ããŒãã¬ãžã§ãããä»ããŠè¿œè·¡ããæ¹æ³ã¯æããã§ããããšãã°ãéŠéœã§ã¯ãäžè¬çã«é²éªšãªè©±ããããŸãã-çŸåšã®æ³åŸã®éåãããããããã«ãããããããã¢ã¹ã¯ã¯ã®DITã¯ã人ã ã«å¥ã®åæ§ã®ãåå¿å°äœããšã®åä»ãªåæã«çœ²åããããšã匷å¶ããŸããã
ãããŠã圌ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãã¥ãŒã®äžã§ãYandexã®ãããŒãžã³ã°ãã£ã¬ã¯ã¿ãŒã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«è¿°ã¹ãŠããŸãã
ãç§ãã¡ã¯ããã«ã¯åå ããŸãããç§ãã¡ã¯ãã®ç£èŠã«åå ããŠãããšåžžã«çãããŠããã®ã§ãããã¯ç§ãã¡ã«ãšã£ãŠçãå Žæã§ãããšåçœããŸããããããç§ãã¡ã«ã¯ç€Ÿå ã«ç¬èªã®ååããããŸããå°é£ãªç¶æ³ã§ãã£ãŠããYandexãèšç«ã®æ¥ããå°ãããŠããååã«éåããŠã¯ãªããŸãããã
-ãããä¿¡ããããšã¯ãããŸããããžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã¯æãéèŠãªè³ªåãããŸããã§ãã-Yandexããã®ãæ©å¯ãè©äŸ¡ã圢æããããŒã¿ã«åºã¥ããŠïŒç¡æã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãžã®çãããªããããããã¯éèŠã§ããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®å·šäººã¯åã«ãã®æ¹æ³è«ãé瀺ããŠããŸããã
ãããŸããŸãªYandexã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ããã³ãµãŒãã¹ã®äœ¿çšã«é¢ããããŒã¿ããšããçšèªã¯ãåžæ°ã®åããç£èŠããããšãæå³ãããšèããã®ã劥åœã§ããããããããªããšç§ããã®ãããªç£èŠã«çŽæ¥åæããå¯èœæ§ã¯äœãã§ãã
ããŒã¿åžå Žã®ä»çµã¿
90幎代ã«ã¯ã圌ãã¯CDä»ãã®åžå Žç匟ã§ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã販売ããŠããŸãããä»æ¥ã§ã¯ãå¿ èŠãªé£çµ¡å ã®ãªã¹ããããã«ãã°ããååŸã§ããŸããã©ãã«ã§ãè¡ãå¿ èŠã¯ãããŸããã
æçœã ãéæ³ãªæ¹æ³
ãœãŒã·ã£ã«ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãç¹å¥ãªé»å ±ãã£ã³ãã«ã§ä»ã®äººã®ããŒã¿ãæ€çŽ¢ã§ããŸããäžè¬ã®äººã®ååã¯æããŸãããå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠèªåã§èŠã€ããããšãã§ãããšç¢ºä¿¡ããŠããŸãã
ããã€ãã®ããé«åºŠãªåžæ°ãå°ãç°ãªãæäœãè¡ã-圌ãã¯ããã¯åœŒãããããè¡ãããšãã§ããããã«æãããæ³åŸã®èšäºãžã®åç §ãåŒçšããŠãããã®ããŒã¿ã以äžã®å ¬å ±ã®æ å ±æºããåéãããããããèªåã®ãŠã§ããµã€ãäžã§æäŸå¥çŽãããã¹ãïŒ
å¯äžã®ãã¥ã¢ã³ã¹ãã§ãŠããããšã§ãAvito Webãµã€ãã®ããã¥ã¡ã³ãã«ã¯ãavito.ruã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããµã€ãã®é£çµ¡å ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãåç¬ã§è§£æããããšã¯èŠåã«ãã£ãŠæ瀺çã«çŠæ¢ãããŠãããšèšèŒãããŠããŸãã
åæ§ã«ããªã³ã©ã€ã³ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã®è²©å£²è ã¯ãèãããããã¹ãŠã®ãœãŒã¹ããæ å ±ãåéããŸãã..ããããã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãã¹ãŠãççŽã«èšã£ãŠããå人ããŒã¿ã«é¢ãããæ³åŸïŒNo. 152-FZïŒã®èŠå®ã«éåããŠãããããéæ³ã§ããç§ã¯ããã®ãããªããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãããã€ã³ã¿ãŒããããä»ããŠãã®ãããªäŒæ¥ãèªåã«é¢ããæ å ±ãäžè¬ã«åºããããšã«åæããæ£æ°ã®äººã¯äžäººãããªããš100ïŒ ç¢ºä¿¡ããŠããŸãã
Man-in-the-middleæ»æ
顧客ããŒã¹ã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã§ããäŒæ¥ã®åŸæ¥å¡ãä»ããŠæ å ±ãæŒããæ¹æ³ãæããã§ãããã®ç¹ã«ã¯ããŸã泚æãæããªãããã«ããŸãããã
ãã®ãããªäººã ã«å¯ŸåŠããå¯äžã®æ¹æ³ã¯ãã¢ã¯ã»ã¹å¶åŸ¡ãé£çµ¡å ããŒã¹ã®é©åãªèšèšãããã³æ å ±ã»ãã¥ãªãã£æ åœè ã«ãã£ãŠéçºãããäžæ£é²æ¢ã¡ã«ããºã ã®äœ¿çšã§ããã¡ãªã¿ã«åŸè ã¯å®æçã«ã売ãæããæãŸããŠæ³å·è¡å®ã«åŒãæž¡ãã
ããŒã¿ãåéãã埮åŠãªæ¹æ³
ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããäŒæ¥ã¯ãããã«çŽé¢ããŠãå®å šã«ç¡ç€Œã«ãªãããŠãŒã¶ãŒããŒã¿ãèªç±ã«åŠçããæ°ããæ¹æ³ãèãåºããŸãããä»æ¥ããã®åžå Žã®ãã¹ãŠã®æ倧ã®ãã¬ãŒã€ãŒã¯ããžã§ãŒã ãºã»ãã³ãããªãã£ãŒãã»ãœã«ãžããã¿ã»ããªããªãŒã¹ãã£ã³ã»ãã¯ãŒãºãåããã圌ãã矚ãã»ã©ã貧ãããŠãŒã¶ãŒã§ããç§ãã¡ã«é¢ããæžé¡ãéããŠããŸããããã«ããã®ãããªè«æ±æžãåéããããšãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããäŒç€Ÿã«èš±å¯ãããŠãŒã¶ãŒã¯ããŸããã§ããã
誰ããã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®éžæã®è©±ãèããããšããããŸããããã§ã¯ãGoogleãšFacebookã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã«åºåãã¿ãŒã²ãã£ã³ã°ããããšã§å ±åå ã®åå©ãä¿èšŒãããŸãããããã«ããããã®äŒæ¥ã¯ãåºåã®ãã¿ãŒã²ãããªãŒãã£ãšã³ã¹ãã圢æãããµãŒãããŒãã£çµç¹ã§ããCambridgeAnalyticsãšããŒã¿ãå ±æããŸãããããŒã¿åéã¯äžåœã§ã䜿çšãããŠããŸããçŸåšäººæ°ã®ãããœãŒã·ã£ã«ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãæè¿æåã«ãªããŸãããGoogleã®èŠåã§ãçŠæ¢ãããŠããéæ³ãªç£èŠæ¹æ³ã䜿çšããã
ãã·ã¢ã®ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ã¯å€åœäººã®ååã®è¡åã泚ææ·±ãç£èŠããåæ§ã®æ¹æ³ã䜿çšããŠãããšèšããªããã°ãªããŸãããäŒç€Ÿã¯ãéå人çãªããŒã¿ãã®ç»é¢ã®åŸãã«é ããŠããŸããããã¯ãããã°ã©ããŒä»¥å€ã®ç§ã®å人çãªçµéšã瀺ããŠããããã«ãé©åãªã¹ãã«ã§èªå® ã®ãœãã¡ã«åº§ã£ãŠããŠã解èªã§ããŸãã
æšå¹Ž12æãRBCã«èå³æ·±ãèšäºãæ²èŒãããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããäžã§ã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®è¡åã«é¢ããããŒã¿ã転éããããã®YandexãšBureau of Credit HistoriesïŒBCHïŒã®å ±åãããžã§ã¯ãã«ã€ããŠèª¬æãããŸããããã®ãœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã®äœæè ãèæ¡ããããã«ãéè¡ã¯ãã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãã®é»åã¡ãŒã«ã¢ãã¬ã¹ãšæºåž¯é»è©±çªå·ã ããæã¡ãªãããYandexããå¿ èŠãªäººã«é¢ããè¿œå æ å ±ãåãåãããšãã§ããŸãã
èšäºã«ååããªãæ å ±çã«ãããšãYandexã¯ããã·ã¥åœ¢åŒã§ããŒã¿ãåä¿¡ãããã®åŸãå éšã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãç¹å®ã®äººç©ã®ç¹å®ã®è©äŸ¡ã決å®ãããã®è©äŸ¡ãBKIã«è¿ãããŸããããã¯ãã¹ãŠéåžžã«ç°¡åã«èŠããŸããã埮åŠãªéãããããŸãããã®èšäºã«ã¯ãLaw and Business ManagementCompanyã®ãããŒãžã³ã°ããŒãããŒã§ããAlexanderPakhomovã®æèŠãå«ãŸããŠããŸãã圌ã¯ãç§ã®ããã«ããã®æé ãå®è¡ãããšãå¿ååãããããŒã¿ãåã³å人çãªãã®ã«ãªããšä¿¡ããŠããŸãã
å¿ååãããããŒã¿ãã©ã®ããã«å人çã«ãªãã
ãã®ãµãŒãã¹ã®ãå éšãã§äœãèµ·ãã£ãŠããã®ããç解ããŠã¿ãŸããããç§ã¯å倧ã§çŸãããã·ã¢ã®åªé ãããã°ãã°æ¥œããã§ãããã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ã®è¿ä»£çãªã¢ã¹ã¯ã¯äºåæã®äŒè°å®€ã§ã®äŒè°ã§ä»äºãããŠããªãã®ã§ããããè¡ãã®ã¯é£ãããšããã«èšããªããã°ãªããŸããããããã£ãŠãç§ãééã£ãŠãããäœãééã£ãŠããå Žåã¯ãæ å ±ãå ±æããç§ãèšæ£ããããšããå§ãããŸãã
ã¹ããã1.ããŒã¿ãããã·ã¥ãã
ãæå·åããããããããã·ã¥ããããããŸãã¯ãéå人çãªãããŒã¿ã®æŠå¿µã§Yandexèªäœãäœãæå³ãããã調ã¹ãããšããå§ããŸãããããããŠãå ¬å ±ãµãŒãã¹Yandex.Audienceããããæ¯æŽããŠãããŸãã
ãã®èª¬æããããµãŒãã¹ã¯åºåäž»ã圌ãã®é¡§å®¢ã«æãå·®ã䌞ã¹ãããšãå¯èœã«ãããšããããšã«ãªããããã«ããã®ç®æšãéæããã«ã¯ãYandexã«ããã€ãã®é¡§å®¢IDïŒé»è©±çªå·ãŸãã¯é»åã¡ãŒã«ã¢ãã¬ã¹ïŒãäŒããå¿ èŠããããŸãããã®ããŒã¿ã¯ãããšãã°ãããã¹ããã¡ã€ã«ãŸãã¯ããŒãã«ãã¡ã€ã«ãšããŠæ瀺çã«ããŠã³ããŒãã§ããŸãããããŠãããªãã¯-éäººæ Œçãªåœ¢ã§ãã§ããŸãããã®ããã«ãMD5ããã·ã¥ã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ã䜿çšãããŸãã
次ã«ããµãŒãã¹ã¯æ¬¡ã®ããã«æ©èœããŸããYandexã¯ãå人ããŒã¿ãç¥ã£ãŠããç¹å®ã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒãèšç®ããããŸããŸãªYandexãµãŒãã¹ããã³ããŒã¿ã«ã§ã¿ãŒã²ãããçµã£ãåºåã¡ãã»ãŒãžã衚瀺ããŸãã
MD5ã«ã€ããŠç§ãã¡ã¯äœãç¥ã£ãŠããŸããïŒ
æé 2.MD5ããã·ã¥ã®åŸ©å·å
æè¡çã«ã¯ãMD5ã¯ã©ããã³ã°ã¯æ¬¡ã®4ã€ã®æ¹æ³ã®ããããã§å®è¡ã§ããŸãã
- èŸæžæ€çŽ¢
- 匷åŒãª
- ã¬ã€ã³ããŒã¯ã©ãã¯
- ããã·ã¥é¢æ°ã®è¡çª
æããã«ãæãéããŠç°¡åãªãªãã·ã§ã³ã¯ãã¬ã€ã³ããŒããŒãã«ã䜿çšããããšã§ããå®éããã®ã¡ãœãããå®è£ ããã«ã¯ãããã·ã¥ãç¥ããç¹å®ã®åºæºã«åŸã£ãŠããŒãã«ãäœæããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ã¬ã€ã³ããŒããŒãã«ã®ããã¿
ã¹ããã3.ããŒã¿ã®æ¯èŒ
YandexãããŒã¿ãæå·åããã圢åŒã§ä¿åããŠããããšã«çãã®äœå°ã¯ãããŸãããçžå¯Ÿçã«èšãã°ãæ€çŽ¢ãšã³ãžã³ã«ã¯åç»é²ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®ãããã¡ã€ã«ããããç¹ã«åœŒã®é»åã¡ãŒã«ã¢ãã¬ã¹ãšé»è©±çªå·ã瀺ãããŠããŸãããã®ãããªããŒã¿ã¯ç°¡åã«ããã·ã¥åãããå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠïŒãã§ã«äžã§èŠãããã«ïŒãããã·ã¥åã解é€ãããŸãã
ããã«ãäœããã®åœ¢ã§åºåäž»ããé£çµ¡å ã®ãªã¹ããåãåã£ãã®ã§ãYandexãåãèå¥åãå«ãå éšããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãšããããæ¯èŒããããšã¯é£ãããããŸãããç°¡åã«èšããšãYandexã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒãããã¡ã€ã«ã®èå¥åãç §åããŠãèŠæ±ãããåºåäž»ã®ããŒã¿ãšç §åããŸããããã«ãããç¹å®ã®YandexãµãŒãã¹ã®ããŒãžã«å ¥ããšãã«ãç¹å®ã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã«ã¿ãŒã²ãããçµã£ãŠåºåã衚瀺ã§ããŸãã
ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®äžæã®èå¥
ãã®ãããªã¹ããŒã ã«åŸã£ãŠäœæ¥ããå Žåãéå人çãªããŒã¿äº€æã«çåã®äœå°ã¯ãããŸããããã¹ãŠã®é¢ä¿è ã¯ããµãŒãã¹ãæäŸããéçšã§ç¹å®ã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒãäžæã«èå¥ããŸããä¿¡çšå±ã§ã¯ãã³ã¡ã³ããšèª¬æããå€æãããšããŸã£ããåãã¹ããŒã ãé©çšãããŸãããããŠæããã«ãYandexã¯Cryptãã©ãããã©ãŒã ã«çãããã»ã©äŒŒãŠãããœãªã¥ãŒã·ã§ã³ã䜿çšããŠããŸãã
ãã ããYandexã¯ããã®ãããªãããã¡ã€ã«ããŠãŒã¶ãŒã®æºåž¯é»è©±çªå·ãé»åã¡ãŒã«ãšç §åããå¯èœæ§ãå ¬è¡šããããšã¯ãããŸãããããããã¡ãã£ã¢è³æããåŠãã ããã«ãYandexã¯ãå°ãªããšãUnited Credit BureauãšååããŠããå Žåã¯ããŸãã«ãããå®è¡ããŸãã
ãã¹ãŠããã§ã«è¡šé¢åãããŠããã®ã§ãããã«ã€ããŠæ£çŽã«é¡§å®¢ã«äŒããŠã¿ãŸãããïŒä»£ããã«ãYandexã®è¬æŒè ã¯ããå人æ å ±ãã®æ¬ åŠã«ã€ããŠæ¥ãããããã«è©±ãããã·ã¢é£éŠã®æ³åŸã«ã¯ãªãä»ã®æ¶ç©ºã®çšèªãåŒçšããåžæ°ã®ããŒã¿ã®æµéãšä¿è·ã®åé¡ãåé¿ããããšãã§ããŸãã
ã¡ãã£ãšããç·Žç¿ïŒYandexã152-FZã®éåãèŠã€ããŸããïŒ
Yandexã¯ããã·ã¥ãåé¢ããŸããïŒç§ã¯ãã®è³ªåã«æ確ã«çããããšã¯ã§ããŸãããçµå±ã®ãšãããç§ã¯ãã®äŒç€Ÿã§åããŠããããå éšã®ä»çµã¿ãç¥ããŸãããããããç§ã¯2ã€ã®ä»®å®ãããããšãã§ããŸãïŒ
- Yandexã®ãµãŒããŒæ©èœã䜿çšãããšãç¡å¡©ã®MD5ããã·ã¥ããã°ãããããã·ã¥ã§ããŸãã
- 塩挬ãã®ããã·ã¥ãæ±ãã«ã¯ãäž¡æ¹ã®åœäºè ãå¡©ãç¥ãå¿ èŠããããŸãã
ãã¡ãããåºåäž»ãµãŒãã¹ã®å Žåãç¡å¡©ã®ããã·ã¥ã䜿çšãããŸãããã以å€ã®å Žåãåºåäž»ã®ã€ã³ã¿ãŒãã§ã€ã¹ã«ã¯ããœã«ããæå®ããããã®ãã£ãŒã«ããå¿ èŠã«ãªããŸãããããŠã圌ã¯ããã«ããŸããïŒYandex.Audienceã®èª¬æã®ã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ã·ã§ãããããèŠãŠã¿ãŸãããïŒ[ããã·ã¥
ãããããŒã¿]ãã§ãã¯ããã¯ã¹ã®æšªã«ãã質åããŒã¯ã«æ³šæããŠãã ããããµãŒãã¹èªäœã«ç§»åããŠããã®è³ªåã«ã«ãŒãœã«ãåãããŠã¿ãŸãããã
ïŒç§ãã¡ã¯3ã€ã®ããã·ã¥åç §a31259d185ad013e0a663437c60b5d0ã78ee6d68f49d2c90397d9fbffc3814d1ãš702e8494aeb560dff987e623e71bccf8ããããã«ãæåã®ãã®ã¯æããã«äœããæ¬ ããŠããŸãïŒ31æåãããããŸãããã32æåãããã¯ãã§ãïŒãããã£ãŠããã®ããã·ã¥ã¯ããã«ç Žæ£ããŸãã
ãŸãã以åã«äœæããã¬ã€ã³ããŒããŒãã«ãä»ããŠæ¬¡ã®2ã€ã®ããã·ã¥ã埩å·åã§ããŸããã§ãããããããç§ã¯åœŒãããã«ãŒããã©ãŒã¹ããããšæ±ºå¿ããŸããããããè¡ãã«ã¯ãGeForce GTX1060ã¯ã©ã¹ã®6æã®ãããªã«ãŒãã®ãã€ãã³ã°ãã¡ãŒã ããhashcatããã°ã©ã ã§åäœããããã«ãšãŒãã«ãã€ãã³ã°ããåæ§æããå¿ èŠããããŸããã
11æ¡ã®ãã¹ã¯ã䜿çšããŠæ€çŽ¢ããããã«ããã°ã©ã ã«æ瀺ããŸããïŒã¹ã¯ãªãŒã³ã·ã§ããã®äžã®ç¢å°ãåç §ïŒããã®çµæãç§ã®éåžžã®èŸ²å Žã§ã¯ãããã·ã¥ã®1ã€ã§é»è©±çªå·ãããã22ç§ã§ããã·ã¥è§£é€ããŸããã Yandexã®æœèšã§ã©ãã ãéãããã·ã¥ããã«ãŒããã©ãŒã¹ã§ãããæ³åããŠã¿ãŠãã ããïŒ
次ã«ããã®çªå·ã®ææè ãç¹å®ããŸããããNumbusterã¢ãã€ã«ã¢ããªã§ãã³ãããŠãã ããã
ä»åºŠã¯æ€çŽ¢ãšã³ãžã³ã«ç§»åããããã«å¿ èŠãªãã¹ãŠã®æ å ±ãååŸããŸãã
ãã§ãã¯ãšãã§ãã¯ã¡ã€ããYandexãèªåã®ãµã€ãããã®ãªãŒãã³æ å ±ã®ãããã§ãæ°åã¯ãªãã¯ããã ãã§ãæ£ç¢ºã«ãµãŒãã¹ãæäŸãã人ãèŠã€ããŸãããèšããŸã§ããªãããã®èšäºãèªãã§ãã人ãªã誰ã§ãåãã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãç°¡åã«ç¹°ãè¿ãããšãã§ããŸããïŒãªãã€ãã¹ã©ãã«ãããããã®ã§ããïŒ
åãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®ãããã¡ã€ã«ã«å«ããããšãã§ããããŒã¿
YandexãµãŒãã¹ã䜿çšããã«ã¯ãæºåž¯é»è©±ãšé»åã¡ãŒã«çªå·ãæäŸããå¿ èŠããããŸãã Yandexã¯ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãšãµãŒãã¹ãéããŠãç§ã®ããšãã»ãŒãã¹ãŠç¥ã£ãŠããŸããã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãããµã€ãïŒYandex.Metricaãããããã®54ïŒ ä»¥äžãRunetã«ãããŸãïŒãããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ã§æå®ããé»è©±çªå·ãŸã§ã§ãã圌ã¯Yandex.Gosuperappaããã®ç§ã®ã«ãŒããç§ã®ç æ°ãé³æ¥œã®ç§ã®å¥œã¿ãç¥ã£ãŠããŸãã Yandexã¯ãç§ãã©ã®åå Žã«è¡ãããã©ã®æ ç»ãèŠãããã©ã®ååãåºã§è²·ãããã©ã®é£ã¹ç©ã泚æããããç¥ã£ãŠããŸãã
ãã® æ å ±å瀟ã«ããã°ããäž»ã«èªåãã¡ã®ããŒãºãã顧客ã®å¥œã¿ã®ç¥èã«åºã¥ããã¿ãŒã²ããåºåã®é 眮ã«äœ¿çšãããŠããããšã®ããšã§ããããã§éèŠãªã®ã¯ãã»ãšãã©ãã§ãã以åã¯ãYandexã¯ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã«ç¡æã®ãµãŒãã¹ãæäŸããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããäžã®åºåããåçãäžããé©æ°çãªäŒæ¥ã§ãããšä¿¡ããããŠããŸãããããããã¡ãã£ã¢ãããããããã«ãçŸåšãYandexã¯å°ãªããšãã¯ã¬ãžããå±¥æŽå±ãéããŠããŒã¿ã販売ããŠããŸããããŒã¿è»¢éã¡ã«ããºã èªäœã®åäœãããäžã«ç€ºããŸããé»è©±çªå·ãã¡ãŒã«ã¢ãã¬ã¹ã«é¢ããŠãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®å·šäººãããŠãŒã¶ãŒã«é¢ããæ å ±ãè³Œå ¥ããããšæã人ã¯ããªãå€ããšèããã®ã劥åœã§ãã
èšãæããã°ãéè¡ãä¿éºäŒç€Ÿãæ³åŸäŒç€Ÿãå»çã»ã³ã¿ãŒãéçºè ã¯ãç¹å®ã®ãµã€ãã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããããŸãã¯ç¹å®ã®è£œåãæ€çŽ¢ãã人ã®æ°ãååŸããåºåç®çã§åœŒã«é»è©±ããããããšãã§ããŸãããŸãã¯ãä¿éºãéè¡ããŒã³ã®çºè¡ãæåŠããŸãã
ä¿¡çšå±ã¯èª°ã«ããŒã¿ã販売ããŸããïŒ
CRIãéè¡ã ãã§ãªãç¹å®ã®äººã ã«é¢ããããŒã¿ãçµ±åããããšãç解ããããã«ãç¹å¥ãªã¢ããªã¹ãã§ããå¿ èŠã¯ãããŸãããYandexãæ©èœããæ§é ã®ãŠã§ããµã€ãã§ã¯ãéè¡ã®ã¹ã³ã¢ãªã³ã°ã«å ããŠãä»ã®ãµãŒãã¹ã顧客ã«å©çšå¯èœã§ããããšãããããŸãã
ãµãŒãã¹ãããªã¬ãŒãã¥ãŒããŒã
ããªã¬ãŒã¢ãŒãã§ã®ã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«é¢ããæ å ±ã¯ãéè¡ããã³ä¿éºäŒç€Ÿã«éä¿¡ãã
ãŸãããã®ãµãŒãã¹ã®ããžãã¯ã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã顧客ã®é»è©±çªå·ãç£èŠãã顧客ãé¢å¿ã®ããã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãå®è¡ãããšããã«ããã®éç¥ãåãåããŸãã ..ããã®å Žåãã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ãã®ç¹å®ã®ã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«é¢ããããŒã¿ã¯éä¿¡ãããŸãããèªåè»ä¿éºèšŒåžã®æåºãŸãã¯çºè¡ãã¿ã¯ã·ãŒã®æ³šæãªã©ã察象ãšãªãè¡åã®äºå®ã ãã§ãã
䟿å©ã§ãããïŒç¹ã«ã顧客ããŒã¿ã¯Yandexã§ã¯éä¿¡ããã³åŠçãããªãããšããç«å Žã説æãã芳ç¹ããïŒçµå±ã®ãšãããç¹å®ã®Webãµã€ããžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãšãã圢ã§ã®ã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«é¢ããæ å ±ã¯ããµã€ããžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã«é¢ããããŒã¿ããªããŠããããã·ã¥ãããæºåž¯é»è©±çªå·ã転éããã ãã§å ±åã§ããŸãããããŠãç§ãäžã§è¿°ã¹ãããã·ã¥ã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒããŒã¹ã®ããã·ã¥ãšç°¡åã«æ¯èŒã§ããŸããç°¡åã«ããããã«ããã·ã¢ã§èãããããã¹ãŠã®æºåž¯é»è©±çªå·ã®çµã¿åããã®ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ãååŸããããšãã§ããŸããããã¯ãé£éŠéä¿¡åºã®Webãµã€ãã§å ¥æã§ããŸãã
ç¹°ãè¿ãã«ãªããŸãããYandexã«é¢ããŠãæå·åããããããããã·ã¥ããããããéå人åããããããŒã¿ã¯å®éã«ã¯ããã§ã¯ãããŸããããããŠç¢ºãã«ãYandexã«ãã£ãŠèª¬æãããã¹ããŒã ã¯ãã¯ã¬ãžãããã¥ãŒããŒã®æ€èšããããµãŒãã¹ã®ãã¬ãŒã ã¯ãŒã¯å ã§ãã®ããŒã¿ã販売ããããšã劚ããŸããã
Yandexãããã³ã°ãµãŒãã¹ãšãã®åäœYandex.Goã¹ãŒããŒã¢ããªããããŒã¿ã«ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããä¿éºäŒç€Ÿã¯ã次ã®ããšãå€æã§ããŸãã
- ç§ãäœãã§åããŠããå Žæã
- è»ã§æ è¡ããé »åºŠã
- ã©ã®ã«ãŒãããã©ããŸããã
- ç§ãã©ãã ãéãé転ããŠãããã
- ç§ã®é転ã¹ã¿ã€ã«ã¯äœã§ãã-ç§ã¯éããç¡è¬ã«ããŸãã¯ã¹ã ãŒãºã«ãã¬ãŒãããããŸãã
ãããŠããã¯æšæž¬ã§ã¯ãããŸãããYandexããã®ããŒã¿ãåéãããšããäºå®ã¯ãåžæ°ã®ããŒã¿ã®ä¿è·ã«é¢ãããšãŒãããã®æ³åŸãããããGDPRã®å°å ¥ã®ãããã§ã2019幎ã«ç¥ãããããã«ãªããŸãããããã«ãããšãã©ã®äŒæ¥ãã欧å·é£åã®åžæ°ã«ãããã«ã€ããŠåéããã³åæããããŒã¿ã«é¢ããæ å ±ãæäŸãã矩åããããŸããMeduza
çã®ãžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã¯ããªãã¢ãã¢ããåŸæ¥å¡ã®1人ã«é¢ããããŒã¿ãèŠæ±ããGDPRæ³ãå©çšããŸããã
Meduzaã®èšäºã«ãããšããžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã¯Yandexã®åŸæ¥å¡ããã¢ãŒã«ã€ããåãåããŸããããã®ã¢ãŒã«ã€ãã«ã¯ããšããããåãã®å šå±¥æŽãå«ããã¡ã€ã«ãå«ãŸããŠããŸãããæ å ±ã¯ãã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãã¹ããŒããã©ã³ã§èµ·åãããç¬éã«ãããã¯ã°ã©ãŠã³ããå«ããŠè¿œè·¡ãããŸããããžã£ãŒããªã¹ãã¯ããããçºçããå Žæã®æ£ç¢ºãªåº§æšã䜿çšããŠiPhoneã§ãããã¢ããªã±ãŒã·ã§ã³ãèµ·åããå±¥æŽããšåŒãã§ããŸãïŒãã¡ã€ã«traffic_sessions.csvïŒã
Yandexããã®ãããªæ å ±ããã·ã¢é£éŠã®åžæ°ã«æäŸããŠããªãã®ã¯èå³æ·±ãããšã§ããããã«ããããŸã§Yandexã¯ããŠãŒã¶ãŒã«é¢ããèç©ãããããŒã¿ã誰ããã€èŠæ±ããããç解ã§ãããµãŒãã¹ããæäŸããŠããŸããã§ãããFacebookã«ããã®ãããªãµãŒãã¹ãããããŠãŒã¶ãŒèªèº«ãèªåã«é¢ãããã¹ãŠã®æ å ±ãèŠæ±ããŠè¡šç€ºã§ããŸãã
Yandexã¯ã©ã®ãããªå人æ å ±ãæ£ç¢ºã«åéããŸããïŒ
Yandexã®Webãµã€ã ã«ããæ³çææžãåç §ããŠã¿ãŸãããããã€ã³ã4ãããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®å·šäººãYandexã®ãµã€ãããµãŒãã¹ã䜿çšããªããã次ã®ã«ããŽãªã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®å人æ å ±ãåéã§ããããšãããããŸããã
- å人æ å ±ïŒååãé»è©±çªå·ãäœæã幎霢ã
- é»åããŒã¿ïŒHTTPããããŒãIPã¢ãã¬ã¹ãCookieãWebããŒã³ã³/ãã¯ã»ã«ã¿ã°ããã©ãŠã¶ãŒIDããŒã¿ãããŒããŠã§ã¢ããã³ãœãããŠã§ã¢æ å ±ïŒ;
- ãµã€ãããã³/ãŸãã¯ãµãŒãã¹ãžã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ã®æ¥æã
- ãµã€ãããµãŒãã¹ã®äœ¿çšäžã®ãŠãŒã¶ãŒã®ã¢ã¯ãã£ããã£ã«é¢ããæ å ±ïŒæ€çŽ¢ã¯ãšãªã®å±¥æŽããŠãŒã¶ãŒãéä¿¡ããŠããçžæã®é»åã¡ãŒã«ã¢ãã¬ã¹ãé»åã¡ãŒã«ã®å 容ãšæ·»ä»ãã¡ã€ã«ãããã³Yandexã·ã¹ãã ã«ä¿åãããŠãããã¡ã€ã«ã
- ;
- , , ;
- , â .
?
ãã®è³ªåãžã®çãã¯åãææžã«ãããŸããç§ãã¡ã¯ãã€ã³ã5ã泚ææ·±ãèŠãŠããŸãã次ã®ãããªæ確ãªç®æšã«å ããŠ
ãæ€çŽ¢ã¯ãšãªã®æ€çŽ¢çµæããŠãŒã¶ãŒã«æäŸããŸãã
æ³åŸã§å®ãããã矩åã®éµå®ã
ãŠãŒã¶ãŒããµã€ãããµãŒãã¹ãã©ã®ããã«æäœããããããããç解ããããã«ã
Yandexã¯ãYandexãŸãã¯ä»ã®äŒæ¥ã®ä»ã®è£œåããµãŒãã¹ãæäŸããããã«ãå人ããŒã¿ã®åéãå¿ èŠã§ãããšåå¥ã«è¿°ã¹ãŠããŸãã cããã©ã°ã©ã5ïŒã
ãã ãããå人ããŒã¿ã«é¢ãããæ³åŸïŒNo. 152-FZïŒã¯åé¡ãããŠããŸãïŒç¬¬15æ¡ã¯ããæœåšçãªæ¶è²»è ãšã®çŽæ¥ã®æ¥è§ŠãéããŠåžå Žã§ååãäœåããµãŒãã¹ãä¿é²ããããã®å人ããŒã¿ã®åŠçã¯ãå人ããŒã¿ã®äž»é¡ã®äºåã®åæãããå Žåã«ã®ã¿èš±å¯ãããããšè¿°ã¹ãŠããŸãããŠãŒã¶ãŒåŽã§ã¯ãèŠå¶åœå±ã¯FASãRospotrebnadzorãRoskomnadzorã§ãã
åæã«ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®å·šäººã¯ãå人ããŒã¿ã§ã¯ãªããªã£ããšãããéå人çãªå人èå¥åã䜿çšããŠãä»ã®äŒæ¥ã®ããŒã¿ããŒã¹ã«èªç±ã«è»¢éããŸãããããŠãYandexã¯ãç¬èªã®ãã©ã€ãã·ãŒããªã·ãŒã®å°è±¡çãªããã¹ãã®ç®ç«ããªãè¡ãéããŠããã®ãå ±æãããæš©å©ã確ä¿ããŸããã
çµè«ã®ä»£ããã«
ããã¯ãã¹ãŠåæ³ã§ããïŒçµå±ã®ãšãããç§ã¯Yandexã«ç§ã«é¢ããæ å ±ãã ãã«ãé瀺ããæš©å©ãäžããŸããã§ãããç§ãç¥ã£ãŠããåŒè·å£«ã¯ãã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããããŒã¿ãšã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããèå¥åã¯ç§ãã¡ã®æ³åŸã®ãç°è²ãã®åéã§ãããããªãã«é¢ãããã®ãããªããŒã¿ã®è²©å£²ã«ã€ããŠYandexã«è²¬ä»»ãè² ãããããšã¯äžå¯èœã§ãããšèšããŸãã
ãããŠããããã©ã®ããã«çºçãããã®åçãã©ã®ããã«åœ¢æãããããæ£ç¢ºã«èª¬æããã«ãYandexãç§ã®ããŒã¿ã§ãéã皌ãããšã¯ã©ãã»ã©å ¬å¹³ã§ããïŒããã¯é·ãéããéããæ€çŽ¢ããåŸããã¹ãŠã®ãµã€ãã§ããã«2é±éããªãã«è¿œãã€ããæªåé«ãéã®å®£äŒã ãã§ã¯ãããŸããã§ãã..ãããã¯ãç§ã®ç掻ã®è³ªããããŒã³ãä¿éºãå»çãªã©ã®ãœãŒã·ã£ã«ãµãŒãã¹ããµãŒãã¹ã®å©çšå¯èœæ§ã«ãçŽæ¥çãªåœ±é¿ãåãŒããŸãã
åæããŸããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã§ã®ç§ã®è¡åã«é¢ããæ å ±ã«åºã¥ãåãæãŸãã¯ä¿éºäŒç€ŸãšããŠã®ç§ã®è©äŸ¡ã¯ããæéã®äžã§ãèµ·ãããèŠãé ãããæ¡ä»¶ã®ã¿ã«äŸåããå°äžå®€ã«é ããããªãã¡ãŒã«ã®ã¿äŸåããŸããããã¯å®å šã«éå«ççã§äžéæã«èŠããŸããããã¯éåžžã«è¿·æã§ãã
GDPRãšãã·ã¢åžæ°ã®å人ããŒã¿ã®äœ¿çšã«é¢ããæ³åŸã®åŒ·åã«ãããããããã€ã³ã¿ãŒãããã®å·šäººã¯ç§ãã¡ã«é¢ããæ å ±ãåçåãç¶ãããã®ãµãŒãã¹ãéããŠç§ãã¡ã®ãã¹ãŠã®è¡åã絶察ã«ãªãŒãã³ã«ç£èŠããŠããŸããã³ãããŠã€ã«ã¹ã®å Žåã®ããã«ãéé¢äœå¶ã®éµå®ã«ã€ããŠäœæ°ãšåœå±ã«ç¥ããããšãã瀟äŒçã«éèŠãªãããã¯ã®èåŸã«ããé ããŠããŸããåççãªçåãçããŸã-Yandexãšãã®åçšã¯ã©ã€ã¢ã³ã以å€ã«èª°ãç§ãã¡ã®ããŒã¿ã䜿çšããŠããŸããïŒ